Meta Description: Uro – Oncology is a branch of Oncology(cancer) treatment of the urinary tract in male and female and male reproductive organs. You may consult with Dr. Sumanta Mishra, a well-known urosurgeon in Bhubaneshwar.

Uro-oncology, Detection, and Treatment:

Uro – Oncology is a branch of Oncology(cancer) treatment of the urinary tract in male and female and male reproductive organs. These include the following organs that the urosurgeon will treat:

• Bladder
• Kidneys
• Prostrate
• Penis
• And testicles.

A urooncologist is trained to detect and treat cancers of the urinary tract using the latest tools and technologies. Most preferred is minimally invasive, laparoscopic surgery to spare the healthy tissue. A urologic surgeon is also trained to do the same.

You may consult with Dr. Sumanta Mishra, a well-known urologist and urosurgeon in Bhubaneshwar, if you encounter any discomfort, pelvic pain, fever, blood in urine, urinary incontinence, etc.

If you have been detected with urological cancer, your surgeon will work with a well-experienced team of doctors to curate a treatment plan for your malignancy and in what stage it is. The doctor will reduce side effects and minimalize the impact on sexual function.

Often, surgery is the only option available to treat the patient if cancer has metastasized. The treatment plan will combine surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or immunotherapy.

Cancer is a difficult phase in the life of the patient and their family and friends.

If someone you know is diagnosed with cancer, you need to maintain an optimistic approach so that the patient is mentally able to cope with the situation.

The patient needs assurance and mental preparation to undergo the treatments. The cancer treatment is tiring with many side effects due to radiation and chemotherapy.

Even after the surgery, the patient needs to undergo a few sittings of radiation or chemotherapy sometimes if the cancer is in such a place where it cannot be surgically removed.

Below are some of the cancers that an uro-oncologist or a urosurgeon treats:

What are the surgeries performed to detect and treat prostate cancer? 

The surgeries that a surgeon may carry out to detect and treat cancer may be as follows:

·   Prostatectomy:

 In this procedure, the surgeon will remove the entire prostate.

The surgeon determines the malignancy with a prostate biopsy. It is a minor surgical procedure in which a suspected cancer cell sample is taken for examination and sent for test to a pathology lab.

 A biopsy is usually carried out with an endoscope but is performed with imaging guidance using either of the following: ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI.

What are the surgeries that detect and treat bladder cancer?

The surgeries used to treat and detect bladder surgeries are:

·   Transurethral resection:

The surgeon will opt for transurethral bladder tumor resection if the cancer is detected in its early stages. The surgeon passes a resectoscope through the urethra to remove abnormal growth.

·   Cystectomy:

Surgery performed to partially or entirely remove the bladder depending on the cancer stage is called cystectomy. Suppose cancer has spread to other parts and has affected women’s uterus, the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and maybe vagina; the surgeon will resect them all. In men, the nearby lymph nodes and the prostate are also removed. This level of involvement of all the organs in cancer calls for radical measures; hence it is called radical cystectomy.

It is difficult to pass urine when the bladder gets involved in cancer. The urine is diverted from the bladder, and a different path is created to pass the urine.

There are different procedures carried out that can assist in clearing the urine.

 The doctor will create an alternative path for urine discharge using either Ileal conduit, continent diversion, or Neobladder.

Kidney cancer detection and treatment:

Nephrectomy – radical or partial removal of the kidney. The surgeon carries out a Partial nephrectomy when both the kidneys are affected, and the doctors try to retain some kidney function in the patient. Sometimes it can be done using a laparoscope. if the kidneys are damaged extensively, the patient undergoes radical nephrectomy.

Testicular cancer surgery:

Radical inguinal orchiectomy: in this procedure, the surgeon removes the testicle and the sperm cord that connects the testicle to the abdomen. If cancer has spread to the nearby lymph nodes, the surgeon will remove those. This surgery is called retroperitoneal lymph node dissection/

Postoperative care:

Post the surgery; the patient will have to spend a few days in the hospital, depending upon the extent of invasiveness of the surgery and the patient’s overall health.

The doctor will be giving you some pain medications to provide pain relief. It would help if you got back to movement after the surgery—a little every few hours, extending the duration little by little.

If you accompany a patient, the doctor will instruct you on the dos and don’ts once the patient is discharged. These may include,

• Dressing the wound, draining body discharge.
• Medications schedule,
• Patients diet,
• Just regular movement of the patient, no exertion.
• Bathing and bowel activities under supervision.

How long does a cancer patient take to recover?

The recovery time and process for each cancer and the patient is different. However, it would be best to keep an eye out for the signs and symptoms of any side effects post-surgery.

The patient might experience

• High fever,
• Chills,
• Foul-smelling discharge which is white or yellowish
• Blood in the urine

Please approach your doctor immediately.

Postoperative follow-ups in cancer patients:

For the first six months, the doctor would like to keep you under strict vigilance for signs of cancer recurrence, so be prepared to take a lot more tests and keep up with the follow-up appointments.

In some cases, you may require to undergo a few more rounds of chemotherapy or radiation to cure yourself or your relative completely.

The entire healing process from cancer can be overwhelming for both the patient and the caregiver, so do not fight this battle alone. Seek help from near and dear ones or professional caregivers if needed.

Take care and watch what you eat and how much you eat. The root cause lies there.